What is marble? Classification, origin and characteristics of marble

What is marble? Classification, origin and characteristics of marble

Marble is formed by sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks of sedimentary rocks. The main component is calcium carbonate, the content of which is about 50%-75%, which is weakly alkaline. Some marbles contain a certain amount of silica, and some do not. The particles are fine and fine (referring to calcium carbonate), the surface stripe distribution is generally irregular, and the hardness is low.

1. Classification of marble grades:

Class A: High-quality marble, with the same and excellent processing quality, without impurities and pores.　

Type B: The characteristics are similar to the previous type of marble, but the processing quality is slightly worse than the former; there are natural defects; a small amount of separation, gluing and filling are required.

Type C: There are some differences in processing quality; defects, pores, and texture breaks are more common. The difficulty of repairing these differences is moderate, and it can be achieved by one or more of these methods of separation, gluing, filling, or reinforcement.

Class D: The characteristics are similar to those of Class C marble, but it contains more natural flaws and the difference in processing quality is the largest. It requires multiple surface treatments with the same method. This kind of marble affects many colorful stones, and they have good decorative value.

2. Marble can be roughly divided into eight series of rice, white, yellow, green, gray, red, coffee, and black according to the basic color of the polished surface. The origins are as follows:

1. White series (Yashi White, Golden Spider) Origin: Fangshan White Marble in Beijing; Huaining and Guichi White Marble in Anhui; Quyang and Laiyuan White Marble in Hebei; Sichuan White Shu Baiyu in Baoxing; Jiangsu Ganyu White Marble; Dali Cangshan White in Yunnan Marble; Shandong Pingdu Heye County Snow White etc.

　　2. Yellow (Rainforest Brown, Golden Ivory, Saanna Beige, Emmy Beige, Moonlight Beige, Oman Beige) Origin: Henan Zhechuan Rosin Yellow, Rosin Jade and Beige; Sichuan Baoxing Yellow Line Jade, etc.

　　3. Green (Rainforest Green) Origin: Dandong Green in Dandong, Liaoning; Laiyang Green in Laiyang, Shandong and Hailang Jade in Qixia; Bibo in Huaining, Anhui, etc.;

　　4. Gray series (Pass high gray, French wood grain gray) Origin: Hangzhou gray in Hangzhou, Zhejiang; cloud gray in Dali, Yunnan, etc.;

　　5. Red line (Spanish Xishihong) Origin: Anhui Lingbihongwanluo; Nanjianghong for Nanjiang, Sichuan; Laishuihong for Hebei and Fupinghong for Fuping; Dongbeihong for Tieling, Liaoning, etc.;

　　6. Brown Origin: (Turkish light brown net, Spanish dark brown net)

　　7. Black series (black crystal jade) Origin: Guilin black in Guilin, Guangxi; Shaoyang black marble in Hunan; Cangshan Moyu and King of Venus in Shandong; Anyang Moyu black in Henan, etc.;

3. The commonly used series are subdivided as follows: 　　　

 1. White marble: formerly known as Fangshan jade. The stone phase is jade white with slight noises or veins. Place of origin: Beijing and Hubei.

Snowflake: Originally known as Snow White. The stone phase is light gray between white, with regular mesocrystals and more yellowish spots. Place of origin Ye County, Shandong. Wind and snow: The stone phase is gray and white with dark gray halo. Originated in Dali, Yunnan.

Binglang: The stone phase is gray-white uniform coarse crystals. Place of origin: Quyang, Hebei.

Yellow flower jade: The stone phase is light yellow, with more rice yellow veins. Origin Huangshi, Hubei.

Jasper: Formerly known as Northeast Green. The stone phase is dark green or tender green with white flocculent interpenetration. The place of origin is Lianshanguan, Liaoning.

Caiyun: Formerly known as Yunyun. The stone phase has a light emerald green background, dark and light green flocculent interpenetration, with purple spots or veins. Deer produced in Hebei.

Mottled green: Formerly known as Laiyang Green, the stone phase is off-white with dark grass green spots on the ground, and it is produced in Laiyang, Shandong. Cloud Grey: Formerly known as Sesame White. The stone phase is light gray with smoke-like or cloud-like black-gray bands. It is produced in Fangshan, Beijing.

Camel gray: formerly known as pig liver, the stone phase is earthy gray with dark yellow ochre light-colored loose veins. Place of origin in Suzhou, Jiangsu.

Cracked Jade: Formerly known as Galaxy. The stone phase is light gray with reddish veins and bluish gray spots. It is produced in Daye, Hubei.

Ai Yeqing: The stone phase is dark gray with white leaves on the blue background, and there are flaky stripes among the mottled clouds. Place of origin, Fangshan, Beijing.

Canxue: Formerly known as Xuelang, the stone phase is gray and white with black spots, and it is produced in Tieshan, Hebei.

Sunset: Formerly known as Baiyinshi, the stone phase is at the bottom of the yellow spot, with deep yellow overlapping veins and black halos. Place of Origin: Shunyi, Beijing.

Crab green: formerly known as yellow watercress, the stone phase is yellow and gray with dark gray on the bottom, or white interlayer between yellow gravel spots. It is produced in Hebei.

Tiger pattern: Originally named coffee, the stone phase is an ochre base cloth with rhyolite yellow meridians. It is produced in Yixing, Jiangsu.

Gray Topaz: The stone phase is light black and gray, with red-yellow and light gray veins. It is produced in Daye, Hubei.

Peach Red: Formerly known as Quyang Red and Rose, the stone phase is pink coarse crystals with black strands or spots. It is produced in Quyang, Hebei.

Purple thread: Formerly known as Anhui Red, the stone phase is gray-red bottom covered with red-grey threads. It is produced in Lingbi, Anhui.

Snail Red: Formerly known as Northeast Red, the stone phase is crimson-red bottom with red and gray threads. It is produced in Jinxian, Liaoning.

Mobi: Formerly known as Moyu, the stone phase is black with a small amount of natural yellow texture.

Starry Night: Originally known as Suzhou Black, the stone phase is black with white streaks and white spots. It is produced in Suzhou.

Electric flower: formerly known as anti-gray. The stone phase is black and gray with red and white veins. It is produced in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.

Qiufeng: Originally named Ninghong and Nanjing Red, the stone phase is gray-red with bloody red veins and halo, origin in Nanjing.

Linghong: The stone phase is purple red snail vein pattern mixed with white spots, produced in Tieling, Liaoning.

Safflower jade: The stone phase is liver-red bottom with light red crushed stones. Place of origin Daye, Hubei.

Fourth, the characteristics of marble.

(1) Good decorative performance. Marble does not contain radiation and is bright in color and rich in colors. It is widely used for interior wall and floor decoration. Has excellent processing performance: sawing, cutting, polishing, drilling, carving, etc.

(2) Marble has good abrasion resistance and is not easy to age. Its service life is generally about 50-80 years.

(3) In industry, marble is widely used. Such as: used for raw materials, purification agents, etc.　

(4) Marble has the characteristics of non-conductive, non-magnetic, and stable field position.　

From a commercial point of view, all naturally formed calcareous rocks that can be polished are called marbles. Not all marbles are suitable for all architectural occasions. Therefore, marbles should be divided into four categories: A, B, C and D. This classification method is especially suitable for relatively fragile C and D marbles, which require special treatment before or during installation.